If you’re in the market for a little furry Caledonian friend or you simply want to find out what Scottish dog breeds exist, you have landed in the right place. The allure of these ‘wee dugs’ as the Scots would say, lies not only in their charming and noble appearances but also in the likable roles they play as companions, protectors, and playmates.
As centuries passed, these breeds evolved, adapting to the challenges of the terrain and climate unique to Scotland, resulting in the creation of distinct breeds that are as much a part of Scotland’s history as its castles and clans. Though some may be on the shorter side, these hardy, wiry-haired breeds could give the best dogs for hiking a run for their money.
Despite their mutual origin, each Scottish dog breed holds its own set of traits and unique appearances that help us set them apart from one another. From the Shetland Sheepdog’s intelligence and elegance to the strong-willed and devoted Skye Terrier, there is a breed out there for everyone. So, stick with us to discover the diverse world of Scottish dog breeds…
Scottish dog breeds
1. Cairn Terrier
The Cairn Terrier has roots tracing back to the picturesque Isle of Skye and the rugged landscapes of the Scottish Highlands. The Cairn’s ancestors are one of Scotland’s earliest working dogs, said to be responsible for ridding farmland cairns (rock piles) of pesky vermin.
You may like
Famous for their shaggy coats and bright personalities, Cairn Terriers are full of energy and make brilliant companions for families and singles alike. These little adventurers are high-energy and always up for playtime with the best puppy toys, just note, they don’t enjoy being left home alone for long.
2. West Highland White Terrier (Westie)
The modern West Highland White Terrier can be traced back to 19th-century Scotland, where Colonel Edward Donald Malcolm embarked on a deliberate breeding journey. Following a tragic hunting accident where one of his beloved dogs was mistaken for a fox, Colonel Malcolm focused on selectively breeding cream and white dogs from his Highland Terriers. This effort led to the creation of the White Poltalloch Terrier, resulting in the Westie we know today.
With their signature white coats (keep the best dog shampoo at the ready!), Westies will bring bundles of joy to any household. They are active dogs who love to chase after things. Also known for their independence they can show touches of stubbornness but overall enjoy human company. Their compact size makes them well-suited for apartment living and their often touted as one of the easiest dog breeds.
3. Shetland Sheepdog (Sheltie)
This long-haired dog breed is a true stunner. The Shetland Sheepdogs were once upon a time skilled herding dogs, which were compact Spitz-type breeds similar to today’s Icelandic Sheepdog. With intelligence, agility, and a protective instinct, they were expert herders and guardians of livestock in the challenging terrain. Their small stature, thick coats, and adaptability equipped them to thrive in the harsh Shetland winters.
Shelties might be small, but their hearts are big. These gentle and affectionate dogs are known for their loyalty and agility. Their striking resemblance to mini Rough Collies makes them a popular choice among dog lovers.
4. Skye Terrier
Originating on the rugged Isle of Skye within the Inner Hebrides off Scotland’s western coast, the Skye Terrier stands as one of Scotland’s most ancient breeds. Like other terriers, the Skye was purposefully bred to get rid of vermin; in their case, this involved tackling badgers and otters. Their sturdy, short front legs were an asset in digging out these creatures from their burrows.
With their unique long coats and even tempers, Skye Terriers are a rare but charming breed. Despite their elegant appearance, they’re true terriers at heart, displaying courage and loyalty. Their low exercise requirements make them suitable for less active households, but they will need daily grooming.
5. Scottish Terrier (Scottie)
The exact origins of the Scottish Terrier, often referred to as the “Scottie,” are not so clear, but they are believed to be rooted in the Scottish Highlands. These terriers were bred for their hunting and vermin control abilities. For centuries, Scottish hunters required compact and fearless dogs capable of pursuing common prey such as foxes, rats, and other pests into burrows.
The Scottie’s distinctive silhouette and high-spirited personalities have captured hearts for generations. They’re also one of the cutest dogs with beards! Their independent nature is balanced by their strong bond with their families. Scotties are known for their loyalty and protective instincts, making them excellent watchdogs.
6. Border Terrier
Originating from the rugged and harsh hill country straddling the border between England and Scotland, known as ‘The Border Country,’ the Border Terrier’s roots are deeply intertwined with the lives of farmers and shepherds. These terriers were essential in controlling the local fox population, which posed a threat to sheep farming in the region.
Nowadays, a popular household canine, these hard working dogs are energetic, fun-loving and affectionate. They are a double-coated dog breed and shed moderately – brushing two to three times a week helps keep this under control.
7. Dandie Dinmont Terrier
The Dandie Dinmont Terrier’s origins can also be traced back to the Border Country. This breed was named after a character in Sir Walter Scott’s novel Guy Mannering, where Dandie Dinmont was a jovial farmer. It’s believed that the breed was developed by farmers and gypsies in the area to fulfill specific roles. Dandie Dinmont Terriers were used primarily for hunting and pest control, targeting animals like otters and badgers.
Their distinct appearance and charming personality have made them a unique and beloved breed within the terrier family these days.
8. Scottish Deerhound
The Scottish Deerhound made it onto our list of big dog breeds that make sensible pets, and while they have a somewhat wild and rugged appearance, their personalities couldn’t be more amenable.
Scottish Deerhounds are the biggest of the Scottish dog breeds. They love people and while they’re active and athletic and need plenty of walking, they enjoy quiet time at home and will happily lay at your feet while you watch TV or work.
These loyal and loving Scottish breeds remind us of Scotland’s rugged beauty and timeless charm. If you’re considering adopting one, rest assured you’ll be welcoming a little piece of Scotland’s heartwarming heritage into your family.
Want to learn more about interesting breeds? Here are some of our favorite Japanese dog breeds
Bethany Stone
Freelance writer
Bethany is an experienced writer who has been writing across the pets and equestrian sector for eight years.
Edited by Georgia Guerin and Bethany Stone.
This feature was last updated on February 17, 2025.
